HACEK组细菌感染性心内膜炎的研究进展

Research progress on infective endocarditis caused by HACEK group bacteria

摘要:

HACEK组微生物(包括副流感嗜血杆菌、伴放线聚集杆菌、心杆菌属、侵蚀艾肯菌和金格杆菌)属于革兰阴性杆菌,是正常口咽菌群的组成成员,可在宿主免疫屏障受损时引起侵袭机会性感染,其中感染性心内膜炎是最严重的疾病之一。其特点是病程隐匿,存在较长时间的诊断延迟,药物治疗依赖于第三代头孢菌素。近年来,16S rRNA基因测序技术的出现与发展有望实现对该疾病的快速诊断。本文总结HACEK组细菌引起的感染性心内膜炎的主要临床特点以及研究进展,以期为临床诊疗提供借鉴意义。

Abstract:

The HACEK group microorganisms (Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Cardiobacterium spp., Eikenella corrodens, Kingella kingae) belong to Gram-negative bacilli and are members of the normal oropharyngeal microbiota, which can cause invasive opportunistic infection when the host immune barrier is damaged, with infective endocarditis being one of the most serious diseases. HACEK endocarditis is characterized by an insidious course, prolonged delay of diagnosis, and dependence on third-generation cephalosporins for treatment. In recent years, with the emergence and development of 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing technique, the rapid diagnosis of this disease is expected to be achieved. This paper summarizes the main clinical characteristics and research progress of infective endocarditis caused by HACEK group bacteria, aiming to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.