气候变化带来的健康风险与感染防控面临的挑战

Health risks and challenges to infection prevention and control posed by climate change

摘要:

气候变化问题是21世纪倍受全球关注的焦点。本文系统梳理了气候变化对人类健康的直接和间接影响,包括以灾害的形式直接造成人体死亡和伤残,以及通过温湿度变化、空气污染、病媒生物地理分布范围改变等途径增加慢性非传染性疾病、感染性疾病、精神心理问题、过敏性疾病和营养不良等气候敏感性疾病发病风险。在此基础上,根据全球治理格局背景下医疗机构的应对框架,本文聚焦于医疗机构感染预防与控制领域面临的挑战,从五个方面深入探讨感染预防与控制应对策略,以期为进一步增强医疗系统的气候韧性, 保障公众健康提供参考和借鉴。

Abstract:

Climate change has emerged as a focal point of global concern in the 21st century. This paper systema-tically summarizes the direct and indirect impacts of climate change on human health, including directly causing human death and disability in the form of disasters, and increasing the risk of climate-sensitive diseases, including chronic non-infectious diseases, infectious diseases, mental and psychological problems, as well as allergic diseases and malnutrition through changes in temperature and humidity, air pollution, as well as changes in the geographical distribution of disease vectors. Based on these, within the global governance framework, this paper focuses on the challenges faced by medical institutions in the field of infection prevention and control, and explores in depth infection control response strategies from five aspects, so as to provide reference for further enhancing the climate resi-lience capacity of the medical system and safeguarding public health.