流感疫苗接种成效的卫生经济学评价现状

Current status of health economic evaluation on the effectiveness of influenza vaccination

摘要:

流行性感冒(流感)是由流感病毒引起的对人类健康造成严重危害的急性呼吸道传染病,人群对流感病毒普遍易感。流感疫苗接种是预防和控制流感最有效的方法,已成为国际共识。在中国,流感疫苗接种属于自愿自费接种的非免疫规划疫苗,部分地区实行优先接种群体的免疫政策。近年来,国内外对流感疫苗接种展开多项卫生经济学评价,尤其针对孕妇、儿童、≥60岁的老年人、罹患一种或多种慢性病人群和医护人员等重点和高风险人群。本文整理国内外近年来发表的相关文献,分析流感疫苗接种的卫生经济学评价研究现状,为中国流感疫苗接种策略的制定提供科学依据。

Abstract:

Influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza virus, which poses a serious risk to human health. People are generally susceptible to influenza virus. There is an international consensus that influenza vaccination is the most effective way to prevent and control influenza. In China, influenza vaccination is a non-immunization programme vaccine that is vaccinated voluntarily and at one’s own expense. In some regions, immunization policies are implemented for priority groups. In recent years, a number of health economic evaluations on influenza vaccination have been conducted both at home and abroad, especially for key and high-risk populations such as pregnant women, children, elderly people aged ≥60 years old, people suffering from one or more chronic diseases, and health care workers. This paper analyzed the current status of researches on health economic evaluation of influenza vaccination through collating relevant literatures published at home and abroad in recent years, so as to provide a scientific basis for the formulation of influenza vaccination strategies in China.