Effective prevention and control of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak is a serious challenge to the government, the public and each health professional. During the outbreak of 2019-nCoV, World Health Organization released "Advice on the use of masks in the community, during home care and in health care settings in the context of the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak", which provides instructional recommendations on the use of medical masks for public health and infection prevention and control professionals, health care managers, health care workers and community health workers. This article interprets the advice, puts forward suggestion on the wearing and management of medical masks in the community, during home care and in health care settings, aiming to provide scientific basis for rational and correct use of medical masks, avoiding unnecessary cost.

丙型肝炎病毒（hepatitis C virus，HCV）感染是一个重要的全球健康问题，起病隐匿，慢性化程度高，是导致肝硬化和肝癌的最主要病因。直接抗病毒药物（directacting antiviral agents, DAAs）较聚乙二醇干扰素α（pegylated interferon, pegIFN）联合利巴韦林（ribavirin, RBV）治疗方案可获得更高的持续病毒学应答（sustained virological response, SVR）率，并可缩短治疗时间，前景良好。DAAs 新药开发将成为未来抗HCV治疗研究的趋势。2009年，欧洲药物管理局（European Medicines Agency，EMA）颁布的《慢性丙型肝炎直接抗病毒药物治疗的临床评价指南》和2013年10月美国食品药品监督管理局（Food and Drug Administration，FDA）新发布的《抗丙型肝炎病毒的直接抗病毒药物临床药物研究指南》为DAAs临床试验的有效性和安全性研究提供了指导性建议，如人群纳入、研究方案、研究设计、研究终点、药物安全性等，另外还对肝功能失代偿者、肝移植患者、人免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）/HCV共同感染者等特殊人群的药物研究提出了特别要求，这些内容有助于指导DAAs临床试验设计