Abstract:Objective To investigate incidence and risk factors of surgical site infection (SSI) after radical mastectomy for breast cancer in Beijing City. Methods Trough the infection surveillance and management system of hospitals in Beijing, prospective surveillance on radical mastectomy/modified radical mastectomy for breast cancer were performed in 83 secondary and above medical institutions in the whole city, descriptive analysis and logistic regression analysis was conducted by SPSS 20.0 software. Results A total of 8 248 cases of SSI in surveillance database from 2012 to 2017 were included in analysis, 62 cases of SSI occurred, incidence was 0.75%. Diabetes, post-operative stay in ICU, length of operation and ASA score were risk factors for SSI in patients undergoing radical mastectomy/modified radical mastectomy for breast cancer. Diabetes patients had an increased risk of SSI compared with non-diabetic patients (OR=2.99, 95% CI: 1.33-6.73); risk of SSI in patients who had stayed in ICU was 5.72 times higher than that in patients who didn't stay in ICU (OR=5.72, 95% CI: 1.68-19.45); risk of post-operative infection increased by 27% for each additional 1 hour of operation time (OR=1.27, 95% CI: 1.11-1.46); risk of SSI increased by 54% for each higher ASA score (OR=1.54, 95% CI: 1.01-2.35). Conclusion The multi-center large sample surveillance indicates that the incidence of SSI after mastectomy for breast cancer is lower in Beijing from 2012 to 2017. Diabetes, stay in ICU, duration of operation and ASA score should be taken as an important factor for predicting SSI, after considering factors affecting wound infection, a personalized preventive stra-tegy should be formulated.