Abstract:Objective To explore the risk factors for surgical site infection (SSI) after tension-free mesh inguinal hernia repair(TFMIHR). Methods A 1:4 matched case-control study was conducted, 25 patients with postoperative SSI after class I incision TFMIHR in the general surgery department of Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University from January 2016 to June 2018 were selected as case group, 100 patients who received class I incision TFMIHR but didn't develop SSI after operation were selected as control group according to matching of age, gender and operation date, SPSS 16.0 software was used for univariate analysis and paired multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 1 648 patients who underwent class I incision TFMIHR were collected, 25 patients suffered from SSI after operation, incidence of SSI was 1.52%. Risk factors for SSI after TFMIHR were diabetes mellitus, hypertension, respiratory system disease, malignant tumor and long duration of hospital stay before operation, OR value was 12.686 and 3.326 respectively; there was no significant difference in the occurrence of SSI after operation in patients who used perioperative prophylactic antimicrobial agents or not, types of mesh, laparoscopic surgery or not, and smoking history(all P<0.05). Conclusion Patients suffering from underlying diseases such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, respiratory system disease, malignant tumor can increase the risk of SSI after TFMIHR, shortening of preoperative hospitalization time can reduce the risk of SSI after TFMIHR.