Abstract:Human enterovirus (HEV) belongs to the enterovirus genus of Picornaviridae family, it is an important human pathogen, as a common opportunistic infectious pathogen, it can infect people of all ages, the morbidity in infants is significantly higher than that of adults. HEV is highly infectious and can cause epidemics and outbreaks. HEV includes Poliovirus, Coxsackievirus A, Coxsackievirus B, Echovirus(EchoV) and new enterovirus. HEV can cause encephalitis (meningitis), bronchitis, myocarditis, hand-foot-and-mouth disease, flaccid paralysis, type 1 diabetes mellitus and other diseases, serious infection caused by EchoV, especially that acquired by newborns in hospitals, often leads to outbreaks and epidemics. In recent years, outbreaks of infection caused by EchoV in China have occurred from time to time, which is highly infectious. In 2019, EchoV infection among newborns in a hospital in Guangdong Province resulted in 5 fatal cases, with serious consequence and great influence. This paper reviews the characteristics of EchoV infection and the key points of healthcare-associated infection(HAI) prevention and control, so as to provide help for diagnosis and treatment of infection as well as prevention and control of HAI.