Abstract:ObjectiveTo realize the clinical characteristics of fungemia in premature infants. MethodsClinical characteristics of fungemia in premature infants in the intensive care unit of a children’s hospital between January 2011 and December 2015 were analyzed retrospectively, general condition of premature infants, laboratoryrelated indicators, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing results were compared.ResultsFrom January 2011 to December 2015, 42 premature infants with confirmed fungemia were treated in this hospital, 22 (52.38%) of whom were with fungemia caused by Candida albicans(C. albicans), 13 (30.95%) by Candida parapsilosis (C. parapsilosis), 3 by Candida krusei (C. krusei), and 4 by other fungi. Patients were grouped according to the main pathogens causing infection: C. parapsilosis group and C. albicans group. Maternal genitourinary tract infection rate and incidence of fungal meningitis in C. albicans group were both higher than C. parapsilosis group(27.27% vs 7.69%, 27.27% vs 0.00% respectively), peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) rate in C. albicans group was lower than that in C. parapsilosis group(22.73% vs 69.23%), platelet count in C. parapsilosis group was lower than C. albicans group, differences were all statistically significant (all P<0.05). ConclusionThe major fungi causing fungemia in premature infants were C. parapsilosis and C. albicans, maternal reproductive system infection during pregnancy can easily lead to candidemia, premature infants with candidemia are more vulnerable to developing fungal meningitis; PICC is more likely to lead to C. parapsilosis fungemia, and platelet decline is more obvious.