Abstract:ObjectiveTo monitor ventilatorassociated event (VAE) for the first time in an intensive care unit (ICU) in China, understand the applicability, incidence，and clinical significance of VAE in China.MethodsTargeted monitoring on VAE was performed among patients ≥18 years and with mechanical ventilation (MV)>2 days in the ICU of a hospital between January 2014 and September 2015, incidence of VAE was calculated, and patients were grouped according to whether or not they had VAE, prognostic factors were analyzed statistically.ResultsA total of 1 004 patients were monitored, the total hospital stay was 13 795 days in patients who used ventilator, 307 (30.58%) cases of VAE occurred, incidence of VAE per 1 000 ventilatordays was 22.25. Univariate analysis showed that patients with VAE had longer length of ICU stay and MV, and higher mortality rate than patients without VAE when they moved out of ICU (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that VAE was independent risk factor for length of ICU stay, duration of MV, as well as mortality when patients moved out of ICU(all P<0.05).ConclusionJudgment of VAE is based on MV parameters, it is more objective and accurate. There is a high incidence of VAE among ICU patients, it may lead to poor clinical outcomes, and has good values for the targeted monitoring on ICU patients in large comprehensive hospitals of China.