Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate healthcareassociated infection(HAI) prevalence and antimicrobial use in a hospital. MethodsHAI prevalence rate, antimicrobial use and pathogen detection in all inpatients on August 21, 2013 were investigated with crosssectional survey method. ResultsA total of 2 238 inpatients were investigated, 104 patients developed 126 times of HAI, HAI prevalence rate and case rate was 4.65% and 5.63% respectively; the top four sites for HAI were lower respiratory tract (28.57%), upper respiratory tract(18.25%), urinary tract(7.94%) and gastrointestinal tract(4.76%).Rate of specimens delivered for detection was 91.35%(95/104), the main specimen was sputum (26.32%),followed by blood (25.26%) and urine (10.53%). Antimicrobial usage rate was 24.58%, therapeutic, prophylactic plus therapeutic, and prophylactic use accounted for 36.55%, 45.09%, and 18.36% respectively; the usage rate of single, combination of 2, and 3 antimicrobial agents accounted for 75.82%,20.91% and 3.27% respectively. Risk factors of HAI were age (<15 or >60 years), all kinds of invasive procedures (tracheotomy, mechanical ventilation, urinary catheterization, arteriovenous intubation, hemodialysis), and antitumor chemotherapy. ConclusionSurvey on HIA prevalence helps to know the occurrence of HAI and usage of antimicrobial agents, as well as risk factors and highrisk departments of the occurrence of HAI, it also provides basis for subsequent targeted monitor on HAI.