Abstract:ObjectiveTo analyze the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa(P. aeruginosa) in a countylevel hospital, provide reference for rational antimicrobial use, and promote the control and prevention of healthcareassociated infection (HAI).MethodsData of P. aeruginosa isolated from patients in a hospital between 2010 and 2012 were analyzed statistically.ResultsA total of 369 P. aeruginosa isolates were isolated, strains were mainly from specimens of sputum（n=234，63.41%）,urine（n=41，11.11%）and wound（n=28，7.59%）; most strains were from intensive care unit（n=146，39.56%）,respiratory diseases department（n=51，13.82%）and neurosurgical department（n=37，10.03%）. P. aeruginosa strains were not resistant to polymyxin B;the resistance rates to imipenem, meropenem, cefoperazone / sulbactam, piperacillin / tazobactam and amikacin were all low(6.81%-22.73%); from 2010 to 2012, resistance rates to antimicrobial agents (except polymyxin B) increased with varying degrees, some antimicrobial agents showed statistical difference（P＜0.05）.ConclusionP.aeruginosa is mainly isolated from respiratory specimens, mainly distributed in departments with serious patients; and resistance to most antimicrobial agents is high, resistance tendency is increasing, surveillance should be intensified.