Abstract:ObjectiveTo evaluate the relationship between consumption of imipenem and imipenem resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae)．MethodsImipenem resistance in K.pneumoniae isolated from all patients in a hospital from 2008 to 2012 were analyzed, the amount of imipenem consumption during the same period was also calculated, and the correlation was analyzed.ResultsThe clinical isolates of K.pneumoniae from 2008 to 2012 were 174,187,363,290, and 625 respectively, which accounting for 6.88%，7.86%，10.01%，8.07% and 11.05% of all pathogens（χ2=16.516，P＜0.001）. Resistant rate of K. pneumoniae to imipenem from 2008—2012 was 0.00%,0.00%,4.13%,10.34%, and 25.44% respectively, CochranArmitage trend test revealed a significant difference among them(Z=12.563，P＜0.001）,namely imipenem resistance in K.pneumoniae increased year by year; annual consumption of imipenem from 2008 -2012 were 1.24, 1.60, 2.14, 2.78, and 3.71 daily defined doses/1000 patient day, there was a increased tendency in imipenem resistance; imipenem consumption had positive correlation with imipenem resistance in K. pneumoniae（R=0.966，P=0.007）.ConclusionResistance rate of K. pneumoniae to imipenem increased year by year from 2008 to 2012,which is related to the consumption of imipenem, it is important to monitor the antimicrobial resistance in K. pneumoniae and use imipenem and other carbapenems rationally.