湘雅公共卫生学科史的源流(1911—2023年)

The origin and development of history of Xiangya public health discipline (1911-2023)

摘要:

公共卫生是关系到一个国家或一个地区人民大众健康的公共事业。本文溯源1911—2023年,从雅礼时期公共卫生的发端、湘雅初创、湖南医学院卫生系的设立等多个时期的公卫大事进行总结,是湘雅公共卫生学科史的首次系统整理。湘雅公共卫生学科史的主要节点如下:(1)颜福庆博士是湘雅创办前后卫生学与公共卫生学的奠基人,公共卫生一词提出的第一人。(2)湘雅的卫生学与公共卫生学的课程设置始于1916年,开课于1918—1919学年。(3)到1975年卫生系成立前,卫生学与公共卫生学课程一直是湘雅学生的必修科目。(4)1988年,卫生系改为预防医学系,同时建立了预防医学研究所;1995年,更名为湖南医科大学公共卫生学院。2000年4月,中南大学合并组建后更名为中南大学公共卫生学院;2015年,更名为中南大学湘雅公共卫生学院。湘雅公共卫生自发端以来,几乎参与国内所有的重大公共卫生工作,坚持预防为主,促进和服务人民健康。

Abstract:

Public health is a public service that is related to the health of the general public in a country or region. This article traces back to 1911-2023 and summarizes the major public health events during multiple periods, including the beginning of public health during the Yale period, the initial establishment of Xiangya, and the establishment of the Faculty of Health of Hunan Medical College. It is the first systematic compilation of the history of Xiangya public health discipline. The milestones in the history of Xiangya public health discipline are as follows: (1) Dr. Yan Fuqing was the founder of health and public health around the establishment of Xiangya, and is the first person to propose the term 'public health’. (2) The course of Health and Public Health in Xiangya began in 1916 and was offered in the academic year of 1918-1919. (3) Until the establishment of the Faculty of Health in 1975, the course of Health and Public Health was compulsory for Xiangya students. (4) In 1988, the Faculty of Health was renamed as the Faculty of Preventive Medicine, and the Institute of Preventive Medicine was established; In 1995, it was renamed as the School of Public Health of Hunan Medical University. In April 2000, after the merger and establishment of Central South University, it was renamed as the School of Public Health of Central South University; In 2015, it was renamed as Xiangya School of Public Health of Central South University. Xiangya Public Health has been involved in almost all major public health work in China since its beginning, adhering to the principle of prevention first, promoting and serving people’s health.