妊娠期糖尿病与生殖道感染关系的Meta分析

Relationship between gestational diabetes mellitus and reproductive tract infection: a Meta-analysis

摘要:

目的 系统评价中国妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)与生殖道感染发生风险的相关性。 方法 检索中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普中文期刊数据库、中国生物医学文献、PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、The Cochrane Library数据库, 自建库至2023年5月23日发表的GDM与生殖道感染有关的文献, 由2位研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料并评价纳入文献质量后, 采用Stata14.0进行Meta分析。 结果 最终共纳入文献23篇, GDM孕妇4 575例, 非GDM孕妇18 540例。Meta分析结果显示: GDM孕妇发生生殖道感染的风险是非GDM孕妇的3.28倍(95%CI: 2.29~4.69, P < 0.001)。亚组分析结果显示: 不同研究类型、不同发表年份和是否调整混杂因素的合并效应均表明GDM是生殖道感染的危险因素(均P < 0.05);对于不同经济区域, 东部地区和中部地区合并效应均表明GDM是生殖道感染的危险因素(均P < 0.05), 而西部地区和东北地区尚不能确定GDM是生殖道感染的危险因素(均P > 0.05)。 结论 GDM可导致生殖道感染的发生风险增加, 是生殖道感染的一个重要危险因素。

Abstract:

Objective To systematically evaluate the relationship between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and reproductive tract infection in China. Methods Literatures related to GDM and reproductive tract infection published from database establishment to May 23, 2023 were retrieved from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang database, VIP database, China Biology Medicine disc, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and The Cochrane Library. After independent screening, data extraction and quality assessment of the included lite-ratures by 2 researchers, a Meta-analysis was conducted using Stata 14.0 software. Results A total of 23 studies were included, involving 4 575 GDM women and 18 540 non-GDM women. Meta-analysis showed that the risk of reproductive tract infection in pregnant women with GDM was 3.28 times higher than that in non-GDM pregnant women (95% CI: 2.29-4.69, P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed that GDM was a risk factor for reproductive tract infection regardless of different study types, publication years, and adjustment for confounding factors (all P < 0.05). For different economic regions, the combined effects in the eastern and central regions showed that GDM was a risk factor for reproductive tract infection (P < 0.05), while in the western and northeast regions, it could not be identified whether GDM was a risk factor for reproductive tract infection (P > 0.05). Conclusion GDM increases the risk of reproductive tract infection, making it an important risk factor for reproductive tract infection.