2012—2022年肠道绦虫感染患者的临床表现和流行病学特征

Clinical manifestations and epidemiological characteristics of patients with intestinal taeniasis from 2012 to 2022

摘要:

目的 探讨肠道绦虫病病例的临床表现及流行病学特征。 方法 对北京市某医院2012年1月—2022年7月就诊的35例肠道绦虫病患者临床特点进行总结，并分析患者流行病学特征。 结果 35例肠道绦虫病患者均有绦虫节片排出，经鉴定牛带绦虫病18例（51.43%），阔节裂头绦虫病17例（48.57%）。临床表现为腹痛、腹胀症状11例（31.43%），肛周瘙痒及头晕各2例（各占5.71%），恶心及呕吐、腹泻、发热、体重下降各1例（各占2.86%），无症状16例（45.71%）。21例（60.00%）北京市本地病例，其余患者来自北京市以外省份。31例（88.57%）患者有食用生或半生可疑食物病史。 结论 肠道绦虫病患者多无临床症状或有轻微消化道症状，易被误诊、漏诊，重视流行病学史的询问可提高该疾病的诊断率。

Abstract:

Objective To discuss the clinical manifestations and epidemiological characteristics of patients with intestinal taeniasis. Methods Clinical manifestations of 35 patients with intestinal taeniasis in a hospital in Beijing from January 2012 to July 2022 were summarized, and the epidemiological characteristics of the patients were analyzed. Results 35 cases of intestinal taeniasis all expelled proglottides, in which 18 cases (51.43%) were infected with Taenia saginata, and 17 cases (48.57%) with Diphyllobothrium latum. 11 cases (31.43%) had clinical manifestations including abdominal pain and abdominal distension; 2 cases each had perianal itching or dizziness (5.71% for each); 1 case each had nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, fever or weight loss (2.86% for each); 16 cases (45.71%) were asymptomatic. 21 cases (60.00%) were local cases in Beijing, and the rest were from other provinces. 31 patients (88.57%) had a history of eating raw or half-raw food. Conclusion Most patients with intestinal taeniasis have no clinical symptoms or only slight gastrointestinal symptoms, and are prone to be misdiagnosed. Paying attention to the inquiry of epidemiological history can improve the diagnosis rate of the disease.