分子即时检验(POCT)在病毒性呼吸道感染疾病诊断中的应用前景

Application prospect of point-of-care testing in the diagnosis of viral respiratory tract infection

摘要:

病毒性呼吸道感染疾病严重危害人类健康，在世界范围内可引起较高的发病率和病死率。许多病毒性呼吸道感染疾病表现出相似的临床症状，故病原体的快速检测及鉴定对药物的合理使用、疾病诊疗以及减少患者和社会经济压力等方面均具有重要意义。与常规临床实验室检测相比，分子即时检验（POCT）更有助于快速鉴定病原体，提高呼吸道病毒的检出率，减少不必要的抗菌药物使用，以及合理使用抗病毒药物。本文主要阐述病毒性呼吸道感染疾病的现状、POCT的临床应用及病毒性呼吸道感染的检测方法，重点介绍新兴的FilmArray呼吸道分子即时检测在病原体鉴定中的优势及潜力。

Abstract:

Viral respiratory tract infection is a serious threat to human health, causing significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Many viral respiratory tract infections exhibit similar clinical symptoms, so the rapid detection and identification of pathogens is of great significance to the rational use of drugs, disease diagnosis and treatment, as well as reducing of patients pressure and social economy. Compared with routine clinical laboratory testing, point-of-care testing(POCT) is more conducive to identifying pathogens rapidly, improving detection rate of respiratory viruses, reducing unnecessary use of antimicrobial agents, and using antiviral agents rationally. This paper mainly describes the current situation of viral respiratory tract infection, clinical application of POCT and detection methods of viral respiratory tract infection, focusing on the advantages and potentiality of real-time detection of emerging FilmArray respiratory tract molecules in pathogen identification.