贵州省234所医疗机构医院感染相关指标调查

Survey on relevant indexes of healthcare-associated infection in 234 medical institutions in Guizhou Province

摘要:

目的 了解贵州省二级及以上医疗机构医院感染基本情况及特点，为各级医院的医院感染防控工作提供依据。方法 采用填写调查表的方式，对参与监测医院2017年1月1日—12月31日的医院感染相关指标进行收集分析。结果 共收集全省234所医疗机构医院感染监测数据，医院感染发病率、现患率分别为0.65%、1.68%，Ⅰ类切口的手术部位感染率、抗菌药物预防使用率分别为0.41%、37.27%，血管内导管相关血流感染日发病率、呼吸机相关肺炎日发病率、导尿管相关泌尿道感染日发病率分别为1.04‰、6.81‰、1.99‰。将不同地区、不同等级医疗机构的各指标进行比较，其差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。三级医疗机构患者血管内导管相关血流感染日发病率（0.92‰）、呼吸机相关肺炎日发病率（5.91‰）、导尿管相关泌尿道感染日发病率（1.64‰）均低于二级医疗机构（分别为1.23‰、9.16‰、2.44‰），差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.001）。结论 本调查掌握了贵州省不同地区、不同级别二级及以上医疗机构的医院感染特点和差异，为有针对性地指导各级医院做好医院感染防控工作提供了科学依据。二级医疗机构应加强医院感染防控工作。

Abstract:

Objective To understand the basic situation and characteristics of healthcare-associated infection(HAI) in secondary and higher medical institutions in Guizhou Province, and provide basis for the prevention and control of HAI in all levels of hospitals. Methods By filling out questionnaires, the relevant indexes of HAI in participating hospitals from January 1 to December 31, 2017 were collected and analyzed. Results HAI surveillance data of 234 medical institutions in the whole province were collected, incidence and prevalence rate of HAI were 0.65% and 1.68% respectively, surgical site infection rate and antimicrobial prophylaxis rate in class I incision operation were 0.41% and 37.27% respectively, incidence of catheter-related bloodstream infection(CRBSI), ventilator-associated pneumonia(VAP), and catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) per 1 000 days were 1.04‰, 6.81‰, and 1.99‰ respectively. Differences in the indexes of different regions and different levels of medical institutions were all significant (all P<0.05). Incidences of CRBSI, VAP and CAUTI per 1 000 days in patients in tertiary medical institutions were all lower than those of secondary medical institutions(0.92‰ vs 1.23‰, 5.91‰ vs 9.16‰, 1.64‰ vs 2.44‰ respectively, all P<0.001). Conclusion This survey has grasped the characteristics and differences of HAI in different regions and different levels of medical institutions in Guizhou Province, which provides a scientific basis for guiding all levels of hospitals to do well in the prevention and control of HAI. Secondary medical institutions should strengthen the prevention and control of HAI.