结核病患者自我效能感水平及其影响因素分析

General selfefficacy level of patients with tuberculosis and its influencing factors

摘要:

目的了解结核病患者的一般自我效能感水平及其影响因素，为提高结核病患者一般自我效能感水平的对策制定提供依据。方法采用一般情况调查表和一般自我效能感量表对某省某三级甲等综合肺科医院结核病区住院的所有结核病患者进行面对面调查，分析结核病患者一般自我效能感水平及其影响因素。结果402例结核病患者一般自我效能感平均得分为（20.4±4.2）分，其中14 例（3.5%）表现出高水平的自我效能。自我效能感得分等级为偏低（10～）、中等（20～）、较高（30～）等级的患者分别为163例（40.5%）、225例（56.0%）、14例（3.5%）。对结核病患者自我效能感有较大影响的因素有患者的病程（P<0.001）、居住地（P=0.012）、是否参加结核病教育讲座（P=0.034）、是否体育锻炼（P=0.053，逐步多元线性回归分析P=0.017）和职业状态（P=0.027），以及因结核病住院次数（P=0.002）、家庭经济状况（P=0.027）和文化程度（P=0.020）。结论结核病患者一般自我效能感水平偏低，医护人员对患者随访时应评估患者的一般自我效能感水平及其影响因素，根据患者的具体情况制定个体化的护理干预措施，以提高自我效能感水平。

Abstract:

ObjectiveTo understand the general selfefficacy level of patients with tuberculosis(TB patients) and its influencing factors, provide evidence for improving the general selfefficacy of TB patients. MethodsAll TB inpatients in a comprehensive pulmonary hospital were conducted facetoface survey through a general questionnaire and general selfefficacy scale, selfefficacy level of TB patients and its influencing factors were analyzed. ResultsMean scale of general selfefficacy of 402 TB patients was (20.4±4.2), of which only 14 cases（3.5%）showed a high level selfefficacy. 163（40.5%）, 225（56.0%）, and 14（3.5%）patients were with low（10～）,medium（20～）, and high（30～） selfefficacy scale. The general selfefficacy level of TB patients was influenced by the course of disease（P<0.001）, residence（P=0.012）, whether or not attended the lecture on tuberculosis education（P=0.034）, whether or not conducted physical exercise（P=0.053，stepwise multiple linear regression analysis: P=0.017）, working status（P=0.027）, No. of hospitalization due to TB（P=0.002）, family economic situation（P=0.027）, and education level（P=0.020）. ConclusionTB patients’ selfefficacy level is low, and the general selfefficacy level and its influencing factors should be assessed by health care workers during the followup for patients, individualized nursing intervention for improving the TB patients’ selfefficacy level should be developed.