提高微生物标本送检率的临床效果评价

Clinical effect of enhancing microbiology specimen submission rate

摘要:

目的了解某院连续两年治疗性使用抗菌药物患者微生物标本送检情况，及对应的临床效果。方法以2014、2015年该院出院患者为研究对象，比较治疗性使用抗菌药物患者微生物送检率、抗菌药物使用日数、无菌部位标本送检等情况。结果2015年治疗性使用抗菌药物患者标本送检率为51.81%，高于2014年的45.55%（χ2=308.31，P＜0.01）；2015年治疗性使用抗菌药物患者抗菌药物使用日数四分位数为7（4，12）d，短于2014年的8（5，12）d，两者比较，差异有统计学意义（Z=-5.89，P＜0.01）；2015年送检标本中无菌部位标本所占比率为37.69%(20 190/53 574)，高于2014年的31.56%(17 050/54 025)（χ2=446.15，P＜0.05）。感染部位中呼吸、泌尿、血流、中枢神经系统感染构成比分别为58.75%、10.54%、7.02%、0.58%；送检标本中痰、血、中段尿和脑脊液构成比分别为53.01%、15.55%、9.58%、1.64%。结论微生物标本送检率提升后，抗菌药物使用时间缩短，临床效果明显。

Abstract:

ObjectiveTo analyze microbiology specimen submission in patients who received therapeutic antimicrobial use in a hospital for consecutive two years, and evaluate the clinical effect.MethodsPatients discharged from a hospital in 2014 and 2015 were as the studied subjects, microbiology specimen submission rates, days of antimicrobial use,  detection of sterilesite specimens and so on in patients receiving therapeutic antimicrobial use were compared.ResultsMicrobiology specimen submission rate in patients receiving therapeutic antimicrobial agents in 2015 was higher than that of 2014 (51.81% vs 45.55%; χ2=308.31，P＜0.01）；the quartile of antimicrobial use in patients receiving therapeutic antimicrobial agents in 2015 was shorter than that of 2014(7［4，12］d vs 8［5，12］d; Z=-5.89，P＜0.01）；The percentage of sterilesite specimen submission in 2015 was higher than that of 2014 (37.69%［20 190/53 574］ vs 31.56%［17 050/54 025］; χ2=446.15，P＜0.05）.Constituent ratios of infection of respiratory system, urinary system, bloodstream, and central nervous system were 58.75%, 10.54%, 7.02%, and 0.58% respectively; among all detected specimens, constituent ratios of sputum, blood, urine and cerebrospinal fluid were 53.01%, 15.55%, 9.58%, and 1.64% respectively. ConclusionThe enhancement of microbiology specimen submission rate can shorten duration of antimicrobial use, clinical effect is obvious.
infection