护生进入临床实习前针刺伤相关知识和态度的现状调查

Knowledge and attitude of nursing interns towards needle stick injury before clinical practice

摘要:

目的调查护生进入临床实习前针刺伤的相关知识和态度现状。方法于2015年6月20—23日调查某院2015年6月准备进入临床实习的护生，采用问卷调查法调查实习护生针刺伤知识和态度。结果共发放问卷350份，回收有效问卷324份，有效率92.57%。男生40名（12.35%），女生284名（87.65%）；本科学历34名（10.49%）；平均年龄（20.83±1.24）岁。实习护生针刺伤相关知识各条目中回套针帽、戴手套相关问题的回答正确率最低，均为60%左右；接种乙肝疫苗后发生针刺伤感染乙型肝炎病毒的问题及针刺伤后的用药问题回答正确率均在70%左右。实习护生针刺伤态度部分部分条目得分≤3分，主要为针刺伤所致血液、体液传播性疾病易感性以及回套针帽的问题。结论实习护生的针刺伤相关知识和态度存在薄弱的方面，如回套针帽、及时报告、传染病易感性等问题。学校和医院应加强对护生职业安全防护知识教育，提高职业防护的态度和能力。

关键词:

实习护生; 护理; 针刺伤; 知识; 态度; 调查

Abstract:

ObjectiveTo investigate nursing interns’ knowledge and attitude towards needle stick injury before clinical practice. MethodsIn 2023 June,2015, nursing interns who were about to start clinical practice in a hospital were investigated, nursing interns’ knowledge and attitude towards needle stick injury were surveyed through questionnaire. ResultsA total of 350 questionnaires were distributed, 324 (92.57%) responded questionnaires were available. 40（12.35%）questionnaires were responded by male interns，and 284（87.65%）were by female interns；34（10.49%）interns had bachelor degree；the mean age of interns were (20.83 + 1.24) years old. The correct answer rates about questions related to injury occurring during needle recapping and wearing gloves were low (about 60%). About 70% of the interns gave the correct answers to questions about hepatitis B infection due to needle stick injury following hepatitis B vaccination, as well as medication after injury. Score for individual question about attitude towards needle stick injury was ≤3,  the major related problems were susceptibility of  blood borne diseases and recapping needles.ConclusionNeedle stick injuryrelated knowledge and attitude among nursing interns is inadequate, including recapping needles, timely report, susceptible to infectious diseases, and so on. It is necessary for schools and teaching hospitals to strengthen the education about occupational protection among nursing interns, so as to improve the attitude and ability of professional protection.

Key words:

nursing intern; ; nursing; ; needle stick injury; ; knowledge; ; attitude; investigation