某妇幼保健院医院感染现患率调查

Pevalence rate of healthcareassociated infection in a maternal and child health care hospital

摘要:

目的了解某妇幼保健院2014年医院感染情况，为进一步目标性监控提供科学循征依据。方法采用床旁调查与在架运行病历调查相结合的方法，对该院住院患者进行医院感染横断面调查。结果实查住院患者768例，发现医院感染9例，医院感染现患率为1.18%；现患率排名居前3位的科室依次为产科重症监护室（ICU，9.09%）、新生儿ICU(NICU，5.80%)、妇二区(2.22%)；抗菌药物使用率为30.34%（233例），其中预防性使用抗菌药物134例，占57.51%；单一用药者165例，占70.82%。医院感染患者共检出病原菌5株，其中无乳链球菌2株，肺炎克雷伯菌、粪肠球菌、腐生葡萄球菌各1株，除无乳链球菌外，其余3株均为多重耐药菌。结论医院应高度重视多重耐药菌的感染监控，采取目标性监测与集束化干预的方法，以降低多重耐药菌医院感染的发生。

关键词:

妇幼保健院; 医院感染; 现患率; 横断面调查; 抗菌药物

Abstract:

ObjectiveTo understand healthcareassociated infection(HAI) in a maternal and child health care hospital, so as to provide scientific evidences for further targeted surveillance.MethodsA crosssectional survey was performed by bedside visiting and medical record reviewing.ResultsOf 768 hospitalized patients, 9(1.18%) had HAI, the top 3 highest prevalence rates were found in obstetrical intensive care unit (9.09%), neonatal intensive care unit (5.80%) and gynecological department II(2.22%). Antimicrobial usage rate was 30.34%(n=233), 134 of which (57.51%) were prophylactic use, 165 were monotherapy(70.82%). A total of 5 pathogenic bacteria were isolated, the number of Streptococcus agalactiae,Klebsiella pneumonia, Enterococcus faecalis, and Staphylococcus saprophyticus was 2,1,1, and 1 respectively, except Streptococcus agalactiae, the other 3 strains were multidrugresistant organisms(MDROs).ConclusionSurveillance on MDRO infection should be paid much attention, the occurrence of MDRO infection should be reduced through targeted and bundle intervention.

Key words:

maternal and child healthcare hospital; healthcareassociated infection; prevalence rate; crosssectional ; survey; antimicrobial agent