假丝酵母菌致医院感染的危险因素

Risk factors for healthcareassociated infections caused by Candida

摘要:

目的探讨某院假丝酵母菌所致医院感染的危险因素。方法选取该院2011年1月—2013年10月64例假丝酵母菌医院感染患者作为病例组，同期未发生医院感染的64例患者作为对照组，对两组患者的病历资料进行分析。结果医院感染假丝酵母菌以白假丝酵母菌（68.75%）为主，其次为热带假丝酵母菌（15.62%）、光滑假丝酵母菌（9.38%）和克柔假丝酵母菌（6.25%）；感染部位以呼吸道（67.19%）为主，其次为泌尿道（18.75%）、消化道（10.94%）等。单因素分析表明：年龄、住院时间、糖尿病、恶性肿瘤等13个因素是假丝酵母菌医院感染危险因素；多因素logistic回归分析显示，年龄（OR 95% CI：2.57~33.67）、住院时间（OR 95% CI：2.17~25.37）、恶性肿瘤（OR 95% CI：1.04~15.23）、化学治疗（OR 95% CI：1.76~20.63）、使用呼吸机（OR 95% CI：4.67~96.37）是假丝酵母菌医院感染的重要危险因素。结论假丝酵母菌医院感染的危险因素较为复杂，应充分考虑并针对危险因素采取防控措施，降低假丝酵母菌医院感染的发生率。

Abstract:

ObjectiveTo explore the risk factors for healthcareassociated infection (HAI) caused by Candida in a hospital.Methods64 patients with healthcareassociated(HA) Candida infection in a hospital between January 2011 and October 2013 were selected as case group, and 64 patients without HA Candida infection during the same period were as control group, clinical data of two groups of patients were analyzed.ResultsThe main Candida causing HAI were Candida albicans（68.75%）,followed by Candida tropicalis（15.62%）, Candida glabrata (9.38%) and Candida krusei （6.25%）.The major infection sites were respiratory tract（67.19%），urinary tract（18.75%） and digestive tract(10.94%）. Univariate analysis showed the risk factors for HA Candida infection were age, length of hospital stay, diabetes, and malignant tumor and so on; multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that important risk factors for HA Candida infection were age（OR 95% CI：2.57-33.67）, length of hospital stay（OR 95% CI：2.17-25.37）,malignant tumor（OR 95% CI：1.04-15.23）,chemotherapy（OR 95% CI：1.76-20.63）, and use of respirator（OR 95% CI：4.67-96.37）.ConclusionRisk factors for HA Candida infection are complicated, in order to reduce the incidence of HA Candida infection,risk factors should be considered, and preventive measures according to risk factors should be made.