某院医院感染现患率调查与分析

Survey on nosocomial infection point prevalence in a hospital

摘要:

目的了解某院医院感染现状，为制定防控措施提供依据。方法采取床旁调查和查阅住院病历相结合的方法，对2008年10月25日住院患者进行医院感染现患率调查。结果共调查住院患者727人，当日医院感染现患率为2.06%，例次现患率为2.20%；医院感染部位主要以呼吸道为主，其中上呼吸道和下呼吸道构成比均为18.75%；当日抗菌药物使用率为26.82%，感染患者病原学送检率为58.87%，感染患者使用抗菌药物前病原学送检率为35.48%。与医院感染密切相关的危险因素有：深静脉置管、使用呼吸机、基础疾病、手术类别等。结论通过医院感染现患率调查，可了解实际处于医院感染状态患者的资料，为制定有效预防控制措施提供依据。

Abstract:

ObjectiveTo realize the current situation about nosocomial infection (NI) in a hospital，so as to provide reference for making the prevention and control measures.MethodsPrevalence rates of NI in patients who were hospitalized on October 25, 2008 were investigated by the combination of bedside examination and medical records checking.ResultsA total of 727 patients were surveyed, prevalence rate was 2.06%, case prevalence rate was 2.20%; the main infection site was  respiratory tract, and constitutional ratio of upper respiratory and lower respiratory tract were both 18.75%; and the usage rate of antimicrobial agents was 26.82%, infected  patients’ pathogenic detection rate was 58.87%, infected  patients’ pathogenic detection rate before using antimicrobial agents was 35.48%.Risk factors for NI were intravenous catheter, application of respirators, underlying diseases and surgical operation.ConclusionSurvey of prevalence rates of NI can promote the realization of patients with NI and provide evidence of NI control.