受血者受血前HIV、HBV、 HCV、梅毒感染及其重叠感染研究

Infection and coinfection of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus，hepatitis C virus and syphilis in recipients before transfusion

摘要:

目的研究受血者受血前人免疫缺陷病毒（HIV） 、乙型肝炎病毒（HBV） 、丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）、梅毒感染及其重叠感染现状与特点。方法对2007年10月—2008年6月间某院需输注血制品的9 694例患者进行检测；采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测血清HBV标志物、血清抗 HCV，双抗原夹心酶联免疫法检测血清抗HIV和梅毒抗体。结果9 694例受血者受血前血清HBV标志物阳性1 549例（15.98%），抗 HCV阳性59例（0.61%），抗HIV阳性34例（0.35%），梅毒抗体阳性495例（5.11%）。重叠感染者中，HBV与HCV 57例（0.59%），HBV与梅毒94例（0.97%），HCV与梅毒3例（0.03%）；血清抗HIV阳性患者中，重叠感染HBV 13例(0.13%)，HCV 10例（0.10%），梅毒4例（0.04%）；HIV、 HBV和 HCV重叠，HIV、 HBV和梅毒重叠感染各2例（1.08%），HIV、 HBV、HCV和梅毒重叠感染1例（0.54%）。结论部分受血者在受血前就已有感染，特别是HBV和梅毒的感染率较高。对受血者于受血前进行全面检查不仅可避免相关医疗纠纷，还可为患者治疗和医务人员的职业防护提供帮助。

Abstract:

ObjectiveTo investigate the condition and characteristics of infection and coinfection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)，hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and syphilis before transfusion. Methods 9 694 cases of transfusing recipients in a hospital between October, 2007 and June, 2008 were detected; Serum HBV markers, antiHCV were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); Serum antiHIV, antisyphilis  were detected by doublesandwich ELISA(DSELISA).ResultsAmong 9 694 transfusing recipients, the positive rate of HBV marker before receiving transfusion  was 15.98%(1 549 cases), the positive rate of antiHCV, antiHIV and  antisyphilis  was 0.61% (59 cases), 0.35% (34 cases) and  5.11% (495 cases) respectively. The coinfection rate of HBV  and HCV was 0.59%(57 cases), the coinfection rate of HBV and  syphilis was 0.97% (94 cases), the coinfection rate of HCV and  syphilis was 0.03% (3 cases); Among patients with HIV positive, the coinfection rate with HBV, HCV  and syphilis was 0.13%(13 cases), 0.10% (10 cases)  and 0.04% (4 cases) respectively; The coinfection rate of  HIV, HBV and HCV was 1.08%(2 cases), the coinfection rate of HIV, HBV and  syphilis was 1.08%(2 cases), coinfection rate of HIV, HBV, HCV and syphilis was 0.54%(1  case). ConclusionSome recipients have infection before transfusion, especially HBV and syphilis infection. The overall examination on recipients not only can avoid medical dispute, but also improve clinical therapy for patients and health care workers' occupation safety protection.