102 175例拟受血者输血感染性疾病血清标志物检出资料分析

Analysis on the detection results of transfusiontransmitted diseases serum markers in 102 175 blood recipients before transfusion

摘要:

目的探讨受血者输血前检测各项血源感染性疾病血清标志物情况及其意义。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）对102 175例拟受血者于输血前进行乙型肝炎表面抗原、抗体（HBsAg、抗 HBs）及丙型肝炎抗体(抗 HCV)、梅毒螺旋体抗体(抗 TP)、人免疫缺陷病毒抗体（抗 HIV）检测，并进行统计分析。结果102 175例拟受血者中，输血前检出血源感染性疾病血清标志物总阳性率为15.63%，其中HBsAg、抗 HCV、抗 HIV和抗 TP单项阳性率分别为12.95%、1.11%、0.04%和1.53%。2001—2007年期间，HBsAg、抗 HCV和 抗 HBs阳性率呈明显下降趋势（P=0.003或P=0.000），而抗 HIV阳性率呈明显上升趋势（P=0.001）。结论部分受血者在输血前就已有血源性相关病原感染，特别是HBV感染率较高。受血者输血前血源感染性疾病血清标志物的检测不仅可减少和避免医源性感染及医患纠纷，还有利于了解该地区血源感染性疾病的传播情况。

Abstract:

ObjectiveTo evaluate the detection results of transfusiontransmitted diseases (TTD) serum markers in blood recipients before transfusion.MethodsHBsAg, HBsAb, AntiHCV, Syphilis antibody (AntiTP) and AntiHIV were detected among 102 175 blood recipients by ELISA before transfusion.ResultsAmong 102 175 patients detected, the total positive rate  of  TTD serum markers was 15.63%. The positive rate of HBsAg, AntiHCV, AntiHIV and AntiTP was 12.95%,1.11%, 0.04%  and 1.53%, respectively. The positive rate of HBsAg, HBsAb and AntiHCV in blood recipients decreased gradually from 2001 to 2007(P=0.003 or P=0.000),but the positive rate of AntiHIV tended to increase (P=0.001). ConclusionSome blood recipients have TTD before transfusion, especially HBV infection. The serology detections in patients before transfusion not only help us to avoid the medical dispute and nosocomial infection resulted from the transfusion, but also provide useful information of spread of TTD in this area.