新疆地区40例艾滋病患者临床特点分析

Analysis on clinical characteristics of 40 patients with AIDS in Xinjiang area

摘要:

目的分析某院收治的40例艾滋病患者的临床特征。方法回顾性研究2003年1月—2004年8月以发热或腹泻、消瘦为主诉收治诊断为人免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染患者的临床资料。结果40例患者的临床分期均已到艾滋病期，CD4+T淋巴细胞计数为（156.54±131.26）/μL（正常参考值为800～1 200/μL）。发热、咳嗽咳痰、消瘦、腹痛腹泻以及颈部淋巴结大为主要临床表现，部分患者有卡波西肉瘤；机会性感染及合并症以肝炎病毒感染（30例，75.00%）、肺结核（15例，37.50%）多见。HIV感染方式以静脉吸毒为主（32例，80.00%），其次为性途径感染（4例，10.00%）。距可能暴露（静脉吸毒、性接触、输血）HIV时间2～12年，平均（7.31±1.30）年。结论艾滋病期患者临床表现多样化，静脉吸毒是主要的感染传播方式。需采取多种措施预防控制HIV的传播，对患者加强抗病毒治疗与监测、随访，及时控制机会性感染以及病毒复制。

Abstract:

ObjectiveTo analyze  clinical characteristics of 40 patients with AIDS in a hospital. MethodsClinical data of 40 HIVinfected patients who were admitted  between January  2003 and August 2004 were analyzed retrospectively. ResultsAll patients were in AIDS stage, CD4+T lymphocytes counts were (156.54±131.26)/μL(normal value were 800~1 200/μL).  The main clinical manifestations included fever, cough and expectoration, loss of weight, abdominal pain, diarrhea and  cervical  lymphadenectasis, some patients developed Kaposi’s sarcoma; The main opportunistic infections and complications  were hepatitis virus infection (30 cases,75.00%), pulmonary tuberculosis (15 cases, 37.50%).  HIV infections were  mainly through intravenous drug injection (32 cases,80.00%), and sex contact (4 cases,10.00%). Patients’ exposure to HIV time (intravenous drug injection, sex contact and blood transfusion) were 2~12 years, the average time were (7.31±1.30) years.ConclusionThe clinical manifestations of AIDS patients are various, and the main infection route is intravenous drug injection, multiple measures should be taken to prevent and control HIV transmission, patients should undergo effective untiviral treatment, monitor and followup, so as to control opportunistic infection and virus replication.